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Know your rights

Your rights, in plain language

Each card comes from the official source shown beneath it. This is information, not legal advice — for advice on your own situation, ask a question or call 15100.

Constitution

Equality
Article 14 guarantees equality before the law and equal protection of the laws.
Fundamental freedoms
Article 19 protects specified freedoms, subject to the constitutional limitations and restrictions provided by law.
Life and personal liberty
Article 21 protects life and personal liberty.
Constitutional remedies
Article 32 guarantees the right to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights and gives the Court power to issue appropriate writs/orders.
Equal justice and legal aid
Article 39A directs the State to secure a legal system promoting justice on the basis of equal opportunity and to provide free legal aid by suitable legislation, schemes or other means.

Ask a person about this if: constitutional litigation, writ strategy, sub judice matter, claim involving conflicting rights.

Official sources

Legal Services Authorities Act / Legal Aid

Purpose
The Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 establishes legal-services authorities to provide free and competent legal services to eligible weaker sections and to organise Lok Adalats.
Section 12 categories
NALSA lists categories entitled to legal services under Section 12, including members of Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes, trafficking/begar victims, women or children, persons with disabilities, persons facing specified disasters/atrocities, industrial workmen, and persons in custody, subject to the Act and applicable rules.
Human handoff
The prototype should treat eligibility as a preliminary screen and send a request to the relevant legal-services institution for confirmation and assistance.

Ask a person about this if: urgent criminal matter, custody, domestic violence, child protection, time-sensitive court filing.

Official sources

Relevant Government Schemes

Scheme discovery
myScheme is a national platform for discovering Central and State/UT government schemes using demographic and eligibility information and provides scheme details and application guidance.
Prototype behaviour
Ask only the attributes needed to narrow scheme eligibility, then link to the official scheme page/application route instead of presenting the AI result as a final eligibility decision.

Ask a person about this if: benefit denial, appeal, fraud allegation, conflicting eligibility information.

Official sources

DLSA Information

District referral
State Legal Services Authority websites maintain DLSA directories with district offices and contact details.
Prototype behaviour
Determine the user's district, then retrieve the current official State Legal Services Authority directory entry. Do not hard-code phone numbers or emails in model prompts when they can change.

Ask a person about this if: no matching district, urgent referral, after-hours emergency.

Consumer Complaints

National Consumer Helpline
The Department of Consumer Affairs operates National Consumer Helpline (NCH) for consumer grievances, including online registration, tracking and document upload.
Contact channels
NCH currently lists 1915 and multiple digital channels including web, app, UMANG and WhatsApp.
Pre-litigation role
NCH describes its grievance mechanism as an alternate dispute-resolution mechanism at pre-litigation level; dissatisfied consumers may approach the appropriate Consumer Commission.

Ask a person about this if: court limitation question, complex compensation claim, ongoing litigation, high-value dispute.

Official sources

PDS / National Food Security Act

NFSA framework
The National Food Security Act, 2013 creates a rights-based framework for specified subsidised foodgrain entitlements under the Targeted Public Distribution System.
Prototype workflow
For ration-denial complaints, capture ration-card details, household category, transaction/authentication history, dates, shop/authority details and any grievance acknowledgement.
Biometric failure
Do not assume a particular fallback mechanism or compensation rule from the AI model. Retrieve the applicable current central/state PDS procedure or official instruction and present it with its source/date.

Ask a person about this if: denial of essential food entitlement, child/elderly vulnerability, repeated grievance failure.

Official sources

Women & Child Protection

Domestic violence
The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 provides a statutory framework addressing domestic violence and related reliefs.
Child protection
Mission Vatsalya supports child-protection and welfare services under the Juvenile Justice framework; implementation is primarily through States/UTs and district-level structures.
One Stop Centres
The One Stop Centre scheme provides integrated support including medical, legal, police, temporary shelter and counselling assistance for women affected by violence or distress.

Ask a person about this if: immediate danger, sexual violence, child safety, abduction, ongoing violence.

Official sources

Senior Citizen Rights

Statutory framework
The Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007 provides a statutory framework for maintenance and welfare of parents and senior citizens.
Prototype workflow
Capture age, relationship, living arrangement, maintenance/support issue, property/transfer facts, urgency and whether any authority or tribunal process has already started.

Ask a person about this if: immediate safety risk, property transfer dispute, ongoing tribunal/court matter.

Official sources

Labour Rights

Central labour-code framework
The Ministry of Labour & Employment lists four central Labour Codes: Code on Wages, Industrial Relations Code, Code on Social Security, and Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code.
Prototype workflow
For labour grievances, capture employer type, worker status, wages, dates, employment records, termination/resignation facts, social-security details and State/sector because applicable rules and authorities can vary.
Current-law safeguard
Because implementation and rules can be jurisdiction- and notification-dependent, the assistant should verify the current central/state rules before giving procedural advice.

Ask a person about this if: termination dispute, collective dispute, serious injury/death, complex limitation/procedure.

Official sources

  • Labour CodesMinistry of Labour & Employment, Government of India

Cyber Complaints

Online reporting
The National Cyber Crime Reporting Portal enables citizens to report cyber crime complaints online and includes reporting routes for women/children-related cyber crime.
Cyber financial fraud
The official portal instructs victims of cyber financial fraud to make an immediate report through helpline 1930 and/or the portal.
Prototype workflow
Ask for incident date/time, channel (UPI/card/bank/social media), transaction IDs, amount, screenshots, account/phone identifiers relevant to the complaint and whether 1930 has already been called.

Ask a person about this if: ongoing financial loss, threats, sexual exploitation, child safety, large financial loss.

Official sources

Basic Property Issues

Transfer of property
The Transfer of Property Act, 1882 is a central statute governing specified transfers of property.
Registration
The Registration Act, 1908 is a central statute concerning registration of documents.
State-specific procedures
Property records, stamp duty, registration processes, mutation and land-revenue procedures can depend on the State/UT and local authority. The prototype should ask the property location before giving procedural guidance.

Ask a person about this if: title dispute, forgery, multiple competing deeds, pending suit, eviction.

Official sources

Government Grievance Procedures

CPGRAMS
CPGRAMS is a 24x7 centralised public grievance platform connected to Central Government ministries/departments and States for service-delivery grievances.
Tracking and appeal
CPGRAMS provides a unique registration ID for tracking and includes an appeal facility where applicable after closure/unsatisfactory resolution.
Excluded matters
CPGRAMS states that certain matters are not taken up, including RTI matters and court-related/sub judice matters.
Prototype workflow
Identify the government department/service, capture chronology and supporting documents, draft a concise grievance, provide the official portal route, and store the registration ID for tracking.

Ask a person about this if: sub judice, legal notice, court order conflict, urgent public safety.

Official sources

  • CPGRAMSDepartment of Administrative Reforms & Public Grievances, Government of India

Right to Information

Right to information
The Right to Information Act, 2005 gives every citizen the right to request information held by a public authority, which must reply within 30 days.
Filing an RTI application
An application is made in writing (or electronically) to the Public Information Officer (PIO) of the concerned public authority, stating the information sought, with the prescribed fee.
Fee and exemptions
A nominal application fee applies (Rs 10 for Central Government public authorities); no fee is charged to persons below the poverty line. Certain categories of information are exempt under Section 8.
First appeal
If no reply is received within 30 days or the reply is unsatisfactory, a first appeal lies to the First Appellate Authority within the same public authority.

Ask a person about this if: exempt information, national security, sub judice.

Official sources